Unit II Case General Risk Factors for Bacterial Meningitis - 825 Words

Unit II Case: General Risk Factors for Bacterial Meningitis (Essay Sample) Content: Meningitis: Case Study of Unit IIStudents NameInstitutionMeningitis: Case Study of Unit IIGeneral Risk Factors for Bacterial MeningitisBacterial meningitis has a number of risk factors. When assessing a patient, the physician seeks to decide if the patient has any risk factor and determines the course of action. Patient S.F underwent a medical assessment to check her symptoms and find risk factors in order to come up with a method of treatment. Among the risk factors identified in the patient included having a history of cataract surgery and work setting that involves meeting many people. Other risk factors associated with meningitis include travelling, age, working with meningitis-causing pathogens and community settings (Thigpen et al., 2010).Pathophysiological Mechanisms for Bacterial Meningitis in the PatientIn a bacterial meningitis patient, an inflammatory response acts as a main catalyst and it supports pathophysiological mechanisms (Hughes et al., 2010). Accor ding to the patients data, environmental factors that improve the susceptibility to bacterial meningitis are among the pathophysiological mechanisms. The factors impacted her because her condition changed from the initial state to the current state hours later after being admitted. The CSF of the patient was not clear, and invasion into her intravascular space and survival within the bloodstream was the main cause (Hughes et al., 2010). The two mechanisms were among the pathophysiological mechanisms attributed to bacterial meningitis.Interpretation of Key Diagnostic Laboratory ValuesFrom the test results of S.F, a true infection was present in her, and the physician attended to it. However, it is important to note that the patient was at a higher risk of developing complications because of the altered mental state and other symptoms that included slurred speech and signs of confusion (Thigpen et al., 2010). As a result, it was important for the physician to take the illness seriousl y to avoid life-long effects and possible death. On the other hand, test results decided the intensity and type of treatment method that was applicable on S.F.Glasgow Coma Score and Interpretation of Neurological EvaluationFrom the data and test laboratory results, the Infectious Disease (ID) physician put S.F on treatment. However, the medications prescribed on F.S were an indication that her Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) was 3. The figure presented attributed to patients diagnosed with meningitis and from their physical examinations, some signs associated with streptococcal meningitis that included altered mental status were observed (Brouwer, Tunkel, van de Beek, 2010). From S.Fs neurological evaluation, the condition was serious, and the patient needed immediate attention for it to improve.Specific rationale for Ordered MedicationSurgical craniotomy with insertion is necessary so that a physician can check the inter-cranial pressure of a patient (Brouwer, Tunkel, van de Beek, 2010) . In monitoring, the patients condition is brought under control. It was good to use the intervention as S.F was in an altered mental condition and needed stabilization. A vasopressin infusion prescription happened so that plasma osmolality could regulate blood pressure (Brouwer, Tunkel, van de Beek, 2010). On the other hand, a norepriphrine infusion was also administered on the patient so as to make her blood pressure lower and be stable (Brouwer, Tunkel, van de Beek, 2010). The two infusions applied because they help to lower the mortality possibility in a patient (Brouwer, Tunkel, van de Beek, 2010).How Cerebral Edema Impacts Cerebral Perfusion and the four stages of Increasing ICPCerebral edema is a dangerous situation and if in a patient, a doctor should act quickly to make sure that the patients condition is manageable. Cerebral edema and cerebral perfusion relate because cerebral perfusion helps to regulate blood pressure in the cranial compartment (Thigpen et al., 2010). When a physician is increasing intracranial pressure, there are four stages applicable and they include aetiology, presentation, investigations and management (Brouwer, Tunkel, van de Beek, 2010). The pathological process demands attention so that the physician does not mess up things and make sure the safety of the patient.Effects of Empyema in Brain TissuesEmpyema is a dangerous condition that affects the tissues of the brain and manfactures pus that changes the formation of the tissues (Hughes et al., 2010). The fluid contains an infection and in patients with meningitis, it is life-threatening. On the other hand, empyema is responsible for causing inflammation to the tissues, and...